Childhood Development

Development in Childhood

Child development encompasses the biological and psychological changes that occur as a person grows into adulthood. This process is influenced by genetics as well as environmental factors, including exposure to domestic violence, which can have detrimental effects on developmental outcomes.

Infancy (0-1 year)

During infancy, children are fully dependent on their caregivers. Insensitive or unresponsive parenting, often seen in neglectful environments, can hinder the formation of secure attachments, leading to future social and emotional difficulties.

Toddlerhood (1-3 years)

As infants transition to toddlers, they undergo significant cognitive and emotional development. Although they start to see themselves as separate from their caregivers, they remain highly vulnerable. Exposure to domestic violence at this stage can severely disrupt emotional security, social skills, and cognitive development. Children may experience increased anxiety, behavioral issues, and trauma responses, leading to difficulties in forming healthy attachments and engaging with their environment.

Preschooler (4-6 years)

Preschoolers primarily interact with parents and peers, learning essential social skills such as sharing and fairness. Exposure to domestic violence during this stage can disrupt these critical social learning processes.

School-Aged Children (6-13 years)

School-aged children begin formal education and interact more with peers and authority figures. A stable domestic environment is crucial for positive developmental outcomes during this critical period.